You are going to go through INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE TEXTBOOK (NCERT) Extra Questions and Answers of CBSE, Class 8, History Chapter-12. This post presents to the students a clear conception of how to move with the basics of Extra Questions and answers. The expert prepared The Extra Questions and And Answers. https://cbsencertanswers.com/is very much to make things way simpler and easier for the students. Especially those who are appearing for the board exams. We took every care to make sure that the effort serves the purpose. So, let us find out INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE TEXTBOOK (NCERT) Questions and Answers of CBSE, Class 8, History Chapter-12. On this page, you can find INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE TEXTBOOK (NCERT) Extra Questions and Answers of CBSE, Class 8, History Chapter-12.
Text book solutions.
1 . Name three problems that the newly independent nations of India faced.
Ans: The problems which India had to face soon after independence were:-
A . After the partition of India, nearly eight million refugees had migrated from newborn Pakistan. Finding new jobs, places for housing, etc. was a great challenge.
B . There were almost 500 princely states which more ruled by nawabs and Maharajas. Each of them had to be convinced to join the new nation.
C . India had to make new political rules and regulations which would serve the hopes of the common people and bring India out of poverty.
2 . What was the role of the Planning Commission?
Ans: A Planning Commission was set up to bring India out of poverty . This Commission would help to execute the plans regarding the economic development of India. A mixed economy model was also set up where the State and all the private sectors would play an important role in increasing the production and in giving more opportunities for jobs. The Planning Commission would define which industries should be started by the state or how to create balance between the regions and the States.
It also set up a Second Five Year Plan in 1956 which mainly focused on developing the steel industries or on developing dams. These would be controlled by the State and not by the market.
YOU ARE READING: INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE TEXTBOOK (NCERT) Questions and Answers of CBSE, Class 8, History Chapter-12
3 . Fill in the blanks:-
a . Subjects that were placed on the Union List were ______, ________ and _________.
Ans: taxes, defense, foreign affairs.
b . Subjects on the Concurrent list were ________ and _______.
Ans: forests, agriculture.
c . Economic planning by which both the state and the private sector played a role in development was called ______ _______ model.
Ans: mixed economy.
d . The death of _______________ sparked off such violent protests that the government was forced to give in the demand for the linguistic state of Andhra.
Ans: Potti Sriramulu.
4 . State whether true or false:-
a . At independence majority of Indians lived in villages.
Ans: true.
b . The Constituent Assembly was made up of members of the Congress Party.
Ans: false.
c . In the first national election many men were allowed to vote.
Ans: false.
d . The second five year plan focused on the development of the heavy industry.
Ans: true.
YOU ARE READING: INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE TEXTBOOK (NCERT) Questions and Answers of CBSE, Class 8, History Chapter-12
5 . What did Dr. Ambedkar mean when he said that “ In politics, we will have equality, and in social and economic life we will have inequality”?
Ans: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the chairman of the Drafting Committee and in his speech he mentioned that the right to vote will not vanish the social and economic inequalities which existed between the rich and poor or between the upper and lower caste. According to him political equality should be accompanied by economic and social equality. He also said that in politics, the principle of one vote and one value will be followed but in social and economic life this principle was not followed by the masses.
6 . After independence, why there was a reluctance to divide the country on linguistic lines?
Ans: The Indian National Congress during 1920s had promised that after acquiring independence, the states would be divided on the basis of linguistic lines. But after acquiring independence, the Congress did not take any major step to keep it’s promise. Despite the great struggle of Gandhiji India was partitioned on the basis of religion and as a result many people nearly a million had been killed in the Battle of freedom. So, both the Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and the Deputy Prime Minister Vallabhbhai Patel did not support the idea of division of states on the basis of linguistic lines. Vallabhbhai Patel said that India should be one nation and every obstacles which will not allowed the growth of nationalism would be rejected.
The decision was opposed by the Kannada speakers, the Malayalam speakers, the Marathi speakers who were in great hope of having new provinces after independence. The Telugu speakers were very offended and did the strongest protest. Nehru was welcomed by black flags wherever he went for general elections. Hartals were also done in many towns in the demand of a new province.
YOU ARE READING: INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE TEXTBOOK (NCERT) Questions and Answers of CBSE, Class 8, History Chapter-12
7 . Give one reason why English continued to be used in India after independence.
Ans: Many members of the Constituent Assembly argued that English should be rejected in India and it should be replaced by Hindi. But many people from the south threatened to leave India if they were forced to speak Hindi and this message was conveyed by T.T. Krishnamachari. So , finally a decision was made that Hindi would be considered as official language but in the courts and other official places, the medium of communication would be English.
8 . How was economic development of India visualized in the early decades after independence?
Ans: The main aim of the leaders was go bring India out of poverty and to build a new and strong technical and industrial base. The government of India in 1950 had set up a Planning Commission to plan and execute policies regarding the economic development of India. A ‘mixed economy’ model was set up where the state and all the private sectors would play an important role in increasing the production and in giving more opportunities for jobs . The Planning Commission would define which industries should be started from the state, how to create a balance between the regions and the states.
The Second Five Year Plan was set up in 1956 which mainly focused on developing steel industries or on developing dams. These would be controlled by the states and not by the markets. These plans had many supporters as well as many critics. Many felt that agricultural practices were not taken into consideration and some felt it completely ignored primary education.
YOU ARE READING: INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE TEXTBOOK (NCERT) Questions and Answers of CBSE, Class 8, History Chapter-12
9 . Who was Mira Behn? Find out more about her.
Ans: Madeline Slade also known as Mira Behn who left her home in Britain to take part in the work and struggle of Gandhiji . She devoted her life to human development and to improve Gandhiji’s principle. She was the daughter of the British Rear- Admiral Sir Edmond Slade.
Mira Behn arrived in Ahmedabad on 7 November 1925 and she was welcomed by Vallabhbhai Patel, Swami Anand. She resided in India for almost 34 years. She went to Gurukul Kahhngri to learn Hindi . Mira Behn accompanied in the struggle for freedom. She went to the Round Table Conference in London which took place in 1931. Mira Behn took an active interest in establishing the Sevagram Ashram and worked with the people of Orissa to resist any potential Japanese invasion non-violently in 1942. Later on, she was arrested in the Agha Khan Palace, Pune from August 1942 to May 1944. She was a witness to the Simla Conference, the Cabinet Mission, the Partition of India, and the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi.
Mira Behn wrote in 1949 “ by science and machinery the mankind may get huge returns for a time, but ultimately will come desolation. We have got to study Nature’s balance and develop our lives within her laws if we are to survive as a physically healthy and moral decent species.”
10 . Find out more about the language divisions in Pakistan that led to the creation of the new nation of Bangladesh. How did Bangladesh achieve independence from Pakistan?
Ans: The Nation was partitioned into India and Pakistan in 1947. Pakistan was further divided into East and West Pakistan. The Bengali speaking population of East Pakistan were tortured by the West Pakistani rulers who communicated in Urdu . Many riots were raised by the East Pakistani against the population of West Pakistan.
The Pakistani government imposed many cruel acts on the Bengali-speaking population, as a result, many of them returned to India. Under the leadership of Muziburr Rehman, the Bengali population established Mukti Vahini. India also supported him and the West Pakistani army was forced to surrender. So, after many battles and debates, on 16 December 1971 Bangladesh was born.
YOU ARE READING: INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE TEXTBOOK (NCERT) Questions and Answers of CBSE, Class 8, History Chapter-12