TEXTBOOK ANSWERS AND SOLUTIONS OF CBSE CLASS VIII SCIENCE Chapter 12 Friction

1) Fill in the blanks.
(a) Friction opposes the __motion__ between the surfaces in
contact with each other.
(b) Friction depends on the __nature__ of surfaces.
(c) Friction produces __heat__.
(d) Sprinkling of powder on the carom board __reduces__ friction.
(e) Sliding friction is __less__ than the static friction.
2)Four children were asked to arrange forces due to rolling,
static and sliding frictions in a decreasing order. Their arrangements are
given below. Choose the correct arrangement.
(a) rolling, static, sliding
(b) rolling, sliding, static
(c) static, sliding, rolling
(d) sliding, static, rolling
ANSWER:- (c) static, sliding, rolling
3)Alida runs her toy car on dry marble floor, wet marble floor,
newspaper and towel spread on the floor. The force of friction acting on the
car on different surfaces in increasing order will be
(a) wet marble floor, dry marble floor, newspaper and towel.
(b) newspaper, towel, dry marble floor, wet marble floor.
(c) towel, newspaper, dry marble floor, wet marble floor
(d) wet marble floor, dry marble floor, towel, newspaper
ANSWER:- (a) wet marble floor, dry marble floor, newspaper and towel.


4)Suppose your writing desk is tilted a little. A book kept on it
starts sliding down.
Show the direction of frictional force acting on it.
ANSWER:-When a book slides on the writing desk, a frictional force acts
between the book and the
surface of
the desk. The direction of frictional force on the book is opposite to the
direction of its motion and acts in upward
direction
5)You spill a bucket of soapy water on a marble floor
accidentally. Would it make it easier or more difficult for you to walk on the
floor? Why?
ANSWER:- The force of friction between the ground and feet decreases when
there is

soapy water spilled on the floor. Hence, it becomes
difficult to walk on the soapy floor.
6)Explain why sportsmen use shoes with spikes.


ANSWER:-Sportsmen use shoes with spikes because these
shoes give them a better grip while running. This is
because the force of friction between the shoes
and the ground increases with the help of spikes.


7)Iqbal has to push a lighter box and Seema has to push a
similar heavier box on the same floor. Who will have to apply a larger force and
why?
ANSWER:-Force of friction arises because of interlocking of
irregularities on the two surfaces in contact. When a
heavy object is placed on the floor, the interlocking of irregularities on the
surfaces of box and floor become strong. This is because the two surfaces in
contact are pressed harder. Hence, more force is required to overcome the
interlocking. Thus, to push the heavier box, Seema
has to apply a greater force than Iqbal.
8)Explain why sliding friction is less than static friction.
ANSWER:-Friction comes into play when irregularities present in the
surfaces of two objects in contact
get interlocked with each other. In sliding, the time given
for interlocking is very small. Hence, interlocking
is not strong. Therefore, less force is required to overcome this interlocking.
9) Give examples to show that friction is both a friend and a
foe.
ANSWER:-

Advantages of friction:
(i) We are able to walk because of friction.
(ii) Friction between the tip of the pen and a paper allows us to
write.

Disadvantages of friction:
(i) Tyres and soles of shoes wear out because of friction.
(ii) Friction between the different parts of machines produces
heat. This can damage the machines.


10)Explain why objects moving in fluids must have special shapes.
ANSWER:-When a body moves through a fluid, it experiences an opposing
force which tries to
oppose its
motion through the fluid. This opposing force is known as the drag force. This
frictional force depends on the shape of the body. By
giving objects a special shape, the force of
friction acting on it can be minimised.